Lesson 95
Here is my report on what I have learned thus far in my Astronomy course (by Daniel Dignan).
Definition of “Telescope:” far seeing
A Tiny Lecture
First, I want to explain why studying Astronomy and the Cosmos is important. Throughout history (even to this day), people have based their views on how life began as well as their opinions on theology on their understanding of the Cosmos. If we don’t understand why we are here or how life began, then what is our purpose in life?
Alright, here is a little bit of history to catch you up on how the telescope was made, the evolution of the telescope, and how problems were solved:
The Telescope
Galileo Galilei made a telescope that had a 3x magnification rate and then about two years later made another telescope 33x times the magnification rate
A telescope captures light using a primary (objective) lens which focuses the light into the telescope’s eye-piece which magnifies the image on your retina on your eye.
Light plays a huge role in our ability to see things. The reason that we can’t see far of objects like stars clearly is because the object doesn’t produce enough light.
Now, if your eye was bigger, then it would collect more light…which is exactly what a telescope does!
The first type of telescope was the refracting telescope which consisted of an objective lens, an eyepiece and a tube. The problem with this telescope (though it did work) was that the large objective lenses were hard to manufacture. The biggest and most annoying and problem was chromatic aberration, and the fact that, in an effort to fix Chromatic Aberration, they made their telescopes longer and longer, eventually resulting in ridicules lengths (hundreds of feet long!). So, what was this Chromatic Aberration? Chromatic aberration was when, due to the ineffectiveness of the lenses, you would have a rainbow/hallow effect above the object you were viewing.
The solution? Sir Isaac Newton and his reflecting telescope.
Newton deduced, from his observations, that it was absolutely impossible to fix Chromatic Aberration. This is why he created the reflecting telescope.
The reflecting telescope’s components consisted of:
1. A tube (obviously, as with the refracting telescopes)
2. A concave lens. This lens is curved. It appears as though hollowed out like a bowl. This was the first change that helped with the chromatic aberration.
3. Mirrors. These mirrors reflected the light coming off of the concave lens to the eyepiece (and thereby to the eye). The one problem with this type of telescope is that the mirrors are in the way of the oncoming light; thus, blocking at least 1% of the light from entering into the telescope. The best of these telescopes block only 1%. Most of them would block more.
As I said, the reflecting telescope was better than the current model of the refracting telescope. The problem with it was that the mirrors blocked small portions of light; slightly hindering the effectiveness of it.
Understandably, people were not completely content to be satisfied with some of their light getting blocked. Upon review of the problem of Chromatic Aberration, people found that it could be fixed with a mere tweak of the lenses. This “tweak” was called the Achromatic doublet. The Achromatic doublet used two convex lenses and one concave lens.
So, in the end, the problem of Chromatic Aberration was fixed and we had two effective telescopes.
The telescope was one of the subjects I studied this week. The next subject had to do with the Earth in general. I will start with addressing people’s ideas of how the Earth “operated.”
Earth
Currently, and for most of the modern world, people have believed that we live on a globe spinning through a vast universe which is constantly expanding. However, this was not always the case.
Back in the day, people believed that we lived on a flat plane. After all, we don’t feel the supposed powerful winds from our spinning globe, right? Contrary to current standard teaching, the Earth was the centre of the solar system and the sun, moon, and constellations revolved around them.
Similar to the fact that we don’t feel the incredibly powerful wind that would be caused by the supposed rotation of the Earth, Astronomers didn’t see something in the stars which (as was the belief at the time goes) should have proved the existence of a spinning globe; that something is called Stellar Parallax. This is the idea that as the Earth rotates, due to our different position and thus different view of the cosmos, the distance between stars and constellations changes. However, though Astronomers tried to measure a change, no change could be measured. Science today claims that Stellar Parallax can be measured and observed with special equipment. I, however, am not sold as to the validity of this.
Then came Nicholas Copernicus who published a book stating his beliefs that the Sun was in the centre of the universe and that all other planets, including the Earth, rotated around it. The Catholic Church did not endorse this idea as it was contrary to their doctrine that the Earth was in the centre of the universe.
Then along came Galileo with his telescope and the observations he made with it seemed, to him, to support the Heliocentric model. He observed how Venus’ moons orbited around it; deducing therefore that the not everything rotated around the Earth.
Then Johannes Kepler came out with his laws of planetary motion saying that planets moved in elliptical orbits instead of circular orbits (as was the common belief at the time). This belief that planets moved in ellipses did not seem to work as well with the geocentric model, so these observations were credited as proof for the Heliocentric model.
The last astronomer I will mention today is Sir Isaac Newton who presented the idea of gravity. This was pretty much the last straw for most people to give up on the geocentric model.
Present day
Currently the general populace believes in the Heliocentric model. There are, however, a large number of people who believe in a Geocentric model. The truth or falsehood of each is up to you, my readers, to research and decide about; the purpose of this essay was not to disprove either of them. It was merely to address the evolution of the views of Earth from the Heliocentric perspective.
I hope you enjoyed this post! If you did, please like, follow, or share to show your support! It would be much appreciated.
cool blog
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Thanks man!
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I REALLY like your blog! keep up the AMAZING work.
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Thanks! I really appreciate your encouragement!
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Im a mormon so I read the bible as well
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You say that you are uncontrollably humorous so what is your best joke
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Oh, lol! I was making a joke (same as the undeniably handsome thing…XD)!
I have more of a sarcastic type of humour that is most funny in the context and moment. You see, humour is viewed as “funny” when you bring people along a story. Then as you lead them on that story, you suddenly change direction in an unexpected way.
So understanding how my humour works, you can see that I need to have a context to work within. But depending on what your type of humour is, I can accommodate to that. What’s your type of humour?
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I really am not THAT humorous, I’m more of a practical joke guy, but I DO tell some pretty good jokes
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Oh? Let me hear them so I can get a feel for your humour!
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I find that mixing coyote (for trapping) pee and yellow colored water then pouring it on his bed right before his friends drive for a playdate is extremely funny (a little bit cruel) but vary funny.
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Oh! Reminds me of the Indian who went into his wigwam, drank some hot liquid, then had to go tea-pee!
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Heres a joke: How many guns do you need for a firefight?
Two. One for us to shoot and one for the US to sell to the enemy so he can shoot us back
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Lol! Did you get my last joke?
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yes, a little bit cheesy
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Ha! It’s a pun. My Grandpa is known for them…it was his joke…I blame it on him!
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The meaning of U.S.M.C. is: United States Misguided Children
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Hmm, not sure I get your joke! What is the U.S.M.C?
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MY personal fav: Four strangers traveled together in the same compartment of a European train. Two men and two women faced each other. One woman was a very wealthy and sophisticated 70 year old lady who was decked out in the finest of furs and jewelry. Next to her Sat a beautiful young woman, nineteen years old–who looked like something right off the cover of a fashion magazine. Across from the older lady was a very mature looking man in his mid-forties who was a highly decorated Sergeant Major in the Army. Next to the Sergeant Major sat a young private fresh out of boot camp.
As these four strangers traveled, they talked and chatted about trivial things until they entered an unlighted tunnel, and there they sat in complete darkness and total silence, until the sound of a distinct kiss broke the silence; following the kiss a loud slap could be heard throughout the cabin.
In the ensuing period of silence the four strangers sat quietly with their own thoughts.
The older lady was thinking, “Isn’t it wonderful that even in this permissive day and age there are still young women who have a little self-respect and dignity?”
The young woman, shaking her head and greatly puzzled, asked herself, “Why in the world would any man in his right mind want to kiss an old fossil like that when I’m sitting here?”
The Sergeant Major, rubbing his sore face, was outraged that any woman could ever think that a man in his position would try to sneak a kiss in the dark.
The private, grinning from ear to ear, was thinking, “What a wonderful world this is when a private can kiss the back of his hand and then smack a Sergeant Major in the face and get away with it!”
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I’ve never heard that one before!
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You would be great friends with the commander: The Company Commander and the First Sergeant were in the field. As they hit the sack for the night, the First Sergeant said, “Sir, look up into the sky and tell me what you see?”
The CO said, “I see millions of stars.”
1st Sgt.: “And what does that tell you, sir?”
CO: “Astronomically, it tells me that there are millions of galaxies and potentially billions of planets. Theologically, it tells me that God is great and that we are small and insignificant. Meteorologically, it tells me that we will have a beautiful day tomorrow. What does it tell you, Top?”
1st Sgt.: “Well sir, it tells me that somebody stole our tent.”
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Okay, yeah. You know some pretty good jokes!
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I leant the train one from my great-grandpa
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the UMSC is the United States Marine Corps
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I get it!
Some of my favourite jokes are riddles. Like this one:
“One knight, a man and his son went fishing. The man and his son fell out of the boat. Who was left?”
The problem with this riddle is that it tells you the answer when you read it: the (K)night. But when you say it, that’s when you get the punch. People take SO long to get it!
I also like the similar riddle/joke:
“Peat and Repeat were in a roundabout. Peat fell out, who was left?”
This one is endless!
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sry USMC
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what is your email, I would enjoy setting up a hangout via Gmail
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I’m not on google hangouts. Sorry! 😥
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Repeat and I actually already know that joke
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but don’t repeat
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DARN nabbit
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why not 😦
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1. I am rarely on my Gmail
2. Gmail is not very secure
3. I really appreciate the offer, but I have enough online social outlets as it is and to add any more might make things kind of busy (especially considering that I am still doing school work and keeping up with my actual in person life).
But really, thanks for the offer!
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so you don’t have an email ?
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No, I do…I’m just not on Google Hangouts.
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oh, I see and understand
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Hey, thanks for the personal post about your air-soft ammunition!
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anytime!
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You know I got your homepage joke from the beginning but giving people the benefit of the doubt makes it even more fun for me, like letting them lead you on but they don’t know that your not really being led on, do you see what I mean
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Yeah, sure…I mean, the term “handsome” and “humerus” is relative and subjective. So, I think I am, but others may not! Besides, it is kind of funny to see that on someone else’s homepage…
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since you seem the kind of guy to share ” healthy mind and body” posts I have a recommendation (I’ve done some research but most of this comes from my mom.) Running is an incredible exercise not only does it help you produce a hormone that make you happier but it clears your mind and keeps you more energetic throughout the day.
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But it strengthens your whole body AND for me (an ADHD person) it gives me a good excuse NOT to sit at my desk all day
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Yes, thank-you! I myself do run and I can make a post that incorporates running exercises. 😀
Just a tip: I am not ADHD, but I get distracted and bored siting at my desk too. I find that when I have something to suck or chew on I can concentrate better (frozen fruit is perfect).
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If you would like I could do some research on that and type it on a Doc share it with you and you could make it more theological relative
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Sure! If you want to do the work, that’s fine with me!
Of course, I would want me to give you credit.
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and yes I LOVE frozen fruit, especially grapes.
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Question: how far do you prefer to run
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I run different distances depending on what I am doing that day…but when I actually go out to run, I like to run a mile. How far do you like to run?
If you want, we can continue this discussion on my chat forum:
https://sonofyhwh.wordpress.com/discussion/
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good idea
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